Fatwa ID: 21721
Title: The meaning of La ilaha illa Allah
Category: Basic Tenets of Faith (Belief)
Scholar: AMJAonline Jurisprudence Section
Date: 02/05/2008

Question

May the peace, mercy and blessing of Allah be upon you. To proceed:

 

Is the meaning of "La ilaha illa Allah, Muhammadan Rasool Allah":

 

·          tawheed al-uloohiyah,

·          tawheed al-ruboobiyah,

·          tawheed al- Asmaa' wal-Sifaat, and

·          following the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace)?

 

Please let us know and may Allah grant you abundant reward for our sake.


Answer

May the peace, mercy and blessing of Allah be upon you also.

 

All praise is due to Allah and may peace and blessing be upon the Messenger of Allah, his family, companions and whoever follows his guidance. To proceed:

 

May Allah reward you well for your eagerness to seek knowledge. Know (may Allah have mercy on us and on you) that the testimony of true monotheistic faith does mean what you wrote. La ilaha illa Allah means, "Nothing is worthy of worship but Allah." This tawheed includes all three types:

 

·          tawheed al-ruboobiyah (affirming the singular nature of Lordship)

·          tawheed al-uloohiyah (affirming the singular right of worship)

·          tawheed al-Asmaa' wal-Sifaat (affirming the unity of Allah's Names and Attributes)

 

Affirming the Oneness of Allah as Lord (ruboobiyah, from the word, "Rabb," or "Lord") is the gateway to affirming the His Singular Right to be worshipped (uloohiyah, from the word, "uloohiyat," or "worship"); it is one of the natural consequences and requisite results that invariably follow. Whoever believes that Allah Most High has no partner in creation, ownership, provision and planning, must necessarily direct his worship and prayers only to Him. To do otherwise would be contradiction or insanity, because Whoever Alone evinces Lordship is the One Who Alone is Deserving of worship and Divinity must be attributed to Him Alone.

 

What is said about attributes stems from what is said about the essence of being. Just as we affirm the Oneness of Allah's Being, we affirm the Unity of His Names and Attributes. Just as we confirm Being without asking how, we confirm descriptions without asking how. This is the truth that the Salaf (our pious predecessors) and the eminent scholars were on and it is a moderate, middle path between those who exaggerated in terms of affirmation, which led to the false claims of resemblance (tashbih) and likening (tamtheel), and those who exaggerated in terms of refutation, which led to distortion (tahreef) and denial (ta`teel).

 

As for "Muhammad Rasool Allah" (Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace), this is the Oneness of the path to be followed to know what Allah Most High wants. Even a common person imitates the scholars with the intention of complying with the Command of Allah Almighty by asking "the People of the Reminder" and Knowledge. He follows the scholar in order to follow the Messenger of Allah (saws), since he is absolutely the only person who truly and sincerely deserves to be followed. He is the standard of measurement and judgment for every being that has ever lived. We testify that he (saws) was the Seal of the Prophets; there is no prophet after him. We testify as well, that his Message is addressed to everyone and that it is for all nations. Allah Most High has said (in meaning),

 

{We have sent you not but as a mercy for all that exists.}

[Al-Anbiya' 21: 107]

 

And his religion (saws) abrogates the [practice of] all previous religions [of earlier prophets whose practices were acceptable in their time].

 

And Allah Almighty is more Exalted and more Knowledgeable.